Fabrication of micro- and nano-photonic structures in dye-doped polymers and nonlinear optical crystals using high energy proton beam

Proton beam writing (PBW) is a new direct-write technique developed at Centre for Ion Beam Applications, National University of Singapore for creating three-dimensional, high aspect ratio microand nano-structures with straight and smooth sidewalls in resits, polymers, glasses, and other materials. Here we present some results of our initial efforts on the direct writing of photonic structures in nonlinear optical polymers and crystals. We also present some proposals on the imprinting of waveguides in nonlinear polymers using the high-quality metallic stamps obtained with PBW. The advantages of p-beam writing technique compared to others are discussed.